- Qt 6.5
- Qt WebEngine
- Qt WebEngine Widgets Examples
- WebEngine Notifications Example
- Qt 6.5.3 Reference Documentation

# WebEngine Notifications Example

Demonstrates how to pass HTML5 web notifications to users.

WebEngine Notifications demonstrates how to use the QWebEngineProfile::setNotificationPresenter() method and QWebEngineNotification class to show an HTML5 web notification to the user.

#### Running the Example

To run the example from Qt Creator, open the Welcome mode and select the example from Examples. For more information, visit Building and Running an Example.

#### HTML Page

In this example, we create an internal HTML page that is added through a resource collection file (.qrc). The page displays buttons for requesting permissions and contains necessary JavaScript code to trigger this request:

                 Notification.requestPermission().then(function (permission) {
                     if (permission == 'granted')
                         createNotification()
                 })

Also page contains a button for creating a notification. The following JavaScript constructions are executed on the press event:

         function createNotification() {
             let title = 'Notification #' + ++notificationsCreated
             let options = { body: 'Visit doc.qt.io for more info!', icon: 'icon.png', }

             let notification = new Notification(title, options)
         }

#### Main Function

In the `main` function, we instantiate a QWebEngineView, load our internal HTML page, and set up the required callbacks for notifications handling.

##### Requesting Feature Permissions

We then use the QWebEnginePage::featurePermissionRequested() call to request the user's permission to show notifications on their device.

         QObject::connect(view.page(), &QWebEnginePage::featurePermissionRequested,
                          [&] (const QUrl &origin, QWebEnginePage::Feature feature) {
                              if (feature != QWebEnginePage::Notifications)
                                  return;
                              view.page()->setFeaturePermission(origin, feature, QWebEnginePage::PermissionGrantedByUser);
                          });

##### Handling New Notifications

We then construct a `NotificationPopup` that encapsulates the data of the HTML web notification. We also use the QWebEngineProfile::setNotificationPresenter() call to set our handler, which we use in conjunction with our `popup` to handle all new notifications.

         auto popup = new NotificationPopup(&view);
         profile->setNotificationPresenter([&] (std::unique_ptr<QWebEngineNotification> notification)
                                           { popup->present(notification); });

#### Presenting Notifications to Users

The `NotificationPopup` class in this example is a simple QWidget-based class that uses multiple QLabel instances for displaying the notification's title, message, and icon.

     class NotificationPopup : public QWidget
     {
         Q_OBJECT

         QLabel m_icon, m_title, m_message;
         std::unique_ptr<QWebEngineNotification> notification;

##### Presenting Notifications

Inside the `present` method, we first close and release the previous notification if we have one and then take ownership of a new notification by calling the `std::unique_ptr::swap` method on our internal notification instance.

         void present(std::unique_ptr<QWebEngineNotification> &newNotification)
         {
             if (notification) {
                 notification->close();
                 notification.reset();
             }

             notification.swap(newNotification);

Then we query the notification instance for a title, a message, and an icon by calling QWebEngineNotification::title(), QWebEngineNotification::message(), QWebEngineNotification::icon() and set up the appropriate labels in our popup.

             m_title.setText("<b>" + notification->title() + "</b>");
             m_message.setText(notification->message());
             m_icon.setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(notification->icon()).scaledToHeight(m_icon.height()));

After that we are ready to display our notification to the user by calling the QWidget::show() method. On this step we also call the QWebEngineNotification::show() method to notify `JavaScript` code about our show event.

             show();
             notification->show();

Finally, we set up a callback to handle the close event from the `JavaScript` side by connecting to the QWebEngineNotification::closed() signal. We also schedule a timer event to close our active notification automatically.

             connect(notification.get(), &QWebEngineNotification::closed, this, &NotificationPopup::onClosed);
             QTimer::singleShot(10000, notification.get(), [&] () { onClosed(); });

         }

##### Closing Active Notification

We execute the close step for the currently active notification either by timeout or by handling the `JavaScript` event. First, we hide the popup widget itself by calling QWidget::hide(). Then, we notify the `JavaScript` code by calling the QWebEngineNotification::close() method. Finally, we destroy the notification object through the `std::unique_ptr::reset()` method.

         void onClosed()
         {
             hide();
             notification->close();
             notification.reset();
         }

##### Implementing User Interaction

To implement the click step for a notification, we handle mouse interaction through QWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(). On this event, the `JavaScript` code is notified by calling the QWebEngineNotification::click() method. Then we automatically perform the close step as a notification is considered fully handled and no longer needed, and therefore can be destroyed.

         void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event) override
         {
             QWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(event);
             if (notification && event->button() == Qt::LeftButton) {
                 notification->click();
                 onClosed();
             }
         }

Example project @ code.qt.io